Key activities
Introduction to the Construction PeriodConstruction Period Key Activities

Project Comencement

The Clerk of Works will check monitor and report/record workmanship in accordance with drawings/specifications and codes of practice. He will check materials are fit for purpose onsite/off site

Dilapidations
Photographs: Records: Reports

Site Information
Establish file drawings and documents

Setting out and levels
Establish levels from temporary bench mark

Site Strip
Check reduced dig, levels and any unforeseen elements

Excavations
Depth, suitability of ground bearing conditions, any extra excavation/unforeseen elements

Foundations
Pile; raft; strip; trench fill; pad; establish type, concrete compliance, tests, slump, flow, cube, pile test for precast in accordance with drawings and specifications.

Drainage
Establish levels, gradients, inverts, suitability of ground conditions. Bedding and surround material. Tests - water or air.Backfill material in accordance with drawings and specifications

Substructure
Materials, mortar, setting out, bond, ties, gauge, cavities, Damp proof course and tankings

Subfloors
Ground bearing slab
Depth, hardcore, blinding, DPM/gas membranes and laps. Insulations, reinforcements, drainage positions, service ducts.

Suspended Floors
Beam and block, pre-cast planks, suspended slab, hollow rib, timber
Approved drawings, setting out accuracy, bearings/seatings, damp proof courses, cross ventilation, grouting, air test details.

Superstructure

Steel Frame
Dimensions, verticality, levels, connections, bolts base, grouting, specified applied coatings. Lightning conductors.

Concrete Frame
Re-inforcement type, spacing and cover, formwork, ties, cleanliness, concrete placement and compaction, concrete compliances, water bars, service apertures, surface finish, line level and verticality, day joints/junctions

Timber Frame
Material, fixings, verticality, levels, junctions and connection brackets, preservative treatment, vapour barriers, DPC’s, insulations, suitability/provisions for first fixings, stress grading.

Masonry
Reference panels, setting out, bond, openings, cavity trays and width, brick tie type and formula, damp proof courses and damp proof membranes, gauge/brick/block, insulations, tolerances, aesthetics, cleanliness. Mortar types for different materials and tests, air test compliance.

Cladding

Curtain wall
Fixings, electrolytic reaction, glass type/solar reflective/cavity, isolation, weathering seals, water tests, insulations, fire barriers/ratings, openings. Doors. Windows. Vapour barriers, air tightness, wind loadings, flashing details, air test details, protection.

Roofs

Pitched Roofs

Timber

Traditional timber
Stress grade, preservative treatment, material, rafters, fixing, valleys, hips, gables, purlins, fascia and soffit, ventilation.

Timber trusses
Material, wallplate seatings, connecting brackets, wind bracing, ventilation, fascia and soffits.

Coverings
Type – slate, tile, warm/cold roof insulation, breather/felt, membranes, lath/sizes and fixings, gauge, perimeter fixings for wind loadings, dry or bedded ridge/hip/valleys/ verge. Valley material lead, tile, fibre glass, copper. Flashings.

Steel truss
Base fixings, pitch, connections, bracings, purlins, gutters, valleys, hips, primer coatings.

Coverings
Metal sheets, profile sheet, composite sheet, setting out, laps fixings, sealing, flashings, fillers, air test details.

Flat Roofs

Timber
Stress grade, fixing method, bridging, noggins, sheet material, expansion, fillets, firrings, lay boards, fascias and soffits.

Metal Deck
Fixings, Laps, Insulation, Vapour barrier, Outlets, gutters, single ply membrane/electronic leak tests, joints/laps flashings.

Concrete
Formwork, re-inforcement, spacers, concrete design, bearings, protection, curing method, covering as for metal deck.

Coverings
Single membrane. Asphalt. Bitumen felt, elastomeric, torch on, laps, fully or partial bonded, types and grade of bitumen for flat and vertical use, fixings, expansion joints, vents.

External Works

Types of materials, reduced dig, hardcores, roads, footpaths, car parks, tarmacadam, block paving, hard and soft landscaping, planting, play areas, drainage, disabled access, ramps and railings, fencing, lighting, security, CCTV.

Floors
Types: hollow rib, beam and block, precast planks, insitu, timber.
Bearings/seatings, fixings, re-inforcements, drainage and service apertures, service risers, stairs, lifts, fire compartmentation/acoustics.

Cores
Stair compliance to building regs (risers, goings and landings), fire compartmentation/ pressurisation, disabled refuge, lift shafts, verticality, dimension accuracy, material type, lift pit depth, ventilation, fire escape details.

Internal walls and partitions
Partition setting out, type of material, head and sole channels, head deflection details, material systems for guarantees, noggins, pattresses, fire compartmentation, acoustics, fixings

Block Walls
Setting out, type of material – mortar to suit, head restraint details, tolerances.

First Fix

Joinery
Materials fit for purpose, preservation treatment, priming of materials, fixings, positions, intumescents are placed where required, door frames line level and plumb.

Mechanical and Electrical
Material, plumbing, internal drainage and pipework. Builders work in connection with the M&E, positions, any clashes with services. Fixings/brackets. Depth of chases. Conduits, cable trays, pipe work, ductwork, water, gas, cables, data, IT, CCTV, alarms, telecom, water tanks, air handling units, fan coil units, test pipe work. Building Management System.

Plastering
Material, areas are ready to receive plaster. Bonding agents are applied over concrete surfaces, no efflorescence on surfaces, chases are correctly filled, material is mixed correctly, scrim in correct position, tolerances, movement joints, dry-lining, dot and dab, board fixings, jointing.

Floor Screeds
Type of Screed – bonded – existing floor surface, method for removing latence, compaction, material delivery and storage.
Unbonded – existing floor surface, installation of insulation and vapour barrier, reinforcement, compaction, type of material, delivery, storage, level and tolerances. BRE drop test.

Second Fix

Joinery
Materials, doors, fire doors, furniture, skirtings, architraves, IPS units, toilet cubicles, cupboard and drawer units, work tops, pipe casings, laminated floorings.

Suspended Ceiling
Grid and Tile. Materials – shadow baton fixing, grid layout, level, primary and secondary grid support, grid expansion, support fixings, clipping tiles for fire rating.

MF Ceilings
Materials – supports, clippings, fixings, board fixings, board finish, hatches, insulations, fire ratings.

Second Fix - Mechanical & Electrical

Sanitary
Materials – positions, no clashing, correct centering and jointing, disabled areas to document M building regs, fixing taps, showers, basins, etc.

Mechanical
Materials – fixings, grills, radiators, insulations to duct and pipe work, identification markings. Test ductwork and boilers.

Electrical
Materials – lights, diffusers, alarms, CCTV and monitors, IT, data, telecoms, BMS system, socket outlets. Bonding, light switching, control panels, distribution panels.

Finishes

Decorating
Mist coats, emulsion, paint systems, varnishes, wallpaper.

Walls
Ceramic tiling – adhesive to suit purposes, full bed systems, tolerances and grout finish, movement, joints.

Floors
Ceramic Tiles/Marble
Surface preparation, adhesive fit for purpose, full bed system, grout finish, movement, joints.

Vinyl Sheet or Tile
Material – surface preparation, levelling compounds, coved skirtings, welded joints.

Carpets
Material – preparation to surface, bonded, partial bonded, joints, perimeter fixing, underlay, damage to skirting/decorations.

Computer floor systems
Materials – surface preparation, levels, bonded floor jacks, surfaces, vinyl and carpet tiles, access covers.

Signage
Signs for locations, for fire, disabled, etc.

Commissioning and Snagging

Mechanical – witness testing, balancing, water pressure, airflow, purge gas mains, boiler, emergency generators, air handling units, fan coil units, combined heat and power units, chlorination and certificates.

Electrical – witness tests, BMS systems, fire alarms, security alarms, CCTV monitors, control panels, emergency lighting, lifts, barriers and gates, pumps.

Snagging – final
Contractor's responsibility to snag their own elements of the contract and pass on list for inspection by Clerk of Works, for him to acknowledge the work has been carried out in accordance with the drawings, specification and codes of practice to ensure the highest standards are achieved. If the standard required is achieved, the Clerk of Works will recommend to the Contract Administrator that the contractor has carried out their contractual responsibilities and the project is offered for practical completion.

Practical Completion


"Quality is essential, not just an optional extra"